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数据中心设施经理是做什么的

What does a data center facility manager do

Julia Borgini ，22 Jul 2021

设施经理确保数据中心保持可用、安全和最佳运行。由于数据中心为当今的业务提供了很大的动力，企业在很大程度上依赖于设施管理人员。 

Facility managers ensure that a data center remains available, secure and running optimally. Because data centers power much of today's businesses, organizations rely heavily on facility managers.

当涉及到维护职责和故障排除时，设施经理不同于数据中心管理员。在数据中心中，管理人员和设施经理通常有不同的角色，但必须紧密合作，并彼此有效地沟通，以确保数据中心平稳运行。

A facility manager differs from a data center administrator when it comes to maintenance responsibilities and troubleshooting involvement. Admins and facility managers often have separate and distinct roles in the data center, but must work closely together and communicate efficiently with one another to ensure the data center runs smoothly.

设施经理的职能The role of the facility manager

设施经理负责管理数据中心所在的建筑，如暖通空调、电力、安全和其他机械操作。管理职责还包括:

Facility managers oversee the building that houses the data center, such as HVAC, power, security and other mechanical operations. Management responsibilities also include:

环境健康和安全;

environmental health and safety;

设施管理员工的人事管理，包括招聘、入职和培训;

personnel management for facility employees, which includes hiring, onboarding and training;

设施的应急准备和应急反应;

emergency preparedness and response for the facility;

改变设施本身的管理流程;

change management processes for the facility itself;

能源管理;

energy management; 

设施的财务管理。

financial management for the facility.

设施经理应该是优秀的项目经理，他们能够有效地组织资源、对任务进行优先排序和安排工作，特别是那些管理多租户数据中心设施的人员。这些管理者应该知道如何平衡竞争的优先级和对资源的需求，以及如何根据快速变化的情况进行调整。

Facility managers should be good project managers who can organize resources, prioritize tasks and schedule work efficiently, especially those who manage colocated data centers with multiple customers using their facilities. These managers should know how to balance competing priorities and demands for resources, and how to adapt based on fast-changing situations.

设施经理需要的高级知识Advanced knowledge facility managers require

数据中心设施经理必须与IT管理员协作，以确保其复杂的生态系统平稳运行。设备流程不能与管理工作冲突，反之亦然。例如，设施安全协议必须具有足够的灵活性，管理员可以根据需要进入以维护和支持其基础设施，但必须足够严格，以将其限制在特定区域。对于数据中心内部的基础设施，应该将暖通空调系统设置在适当的级别，这要求管理员和设施经理交换关于他们需求的信息。

Data center facility managers must collaborate and coordinate with IT administrators to ensure their complex ecosystems run smoothly. Facility processes must not conflict with admin work, and vice versa. For example, facility security protocols must have enough flexibility that admins can go in as needed to maintain and support their infrastructure, but tight enough to restrict them to only specific areas. HVAC systems should be set at appropriate levels for the infrastructure inside the data center, which requires admins and facility managers to exchange information about their needs.

设施经理还必须全面了解数据中心的设计原则、行业最佳实践和未来的技术。他们应该知道他们的数据中心包含什么样的基础设施——比如服务器、虚拟机、SAN（Storage Area Network, SAN，存储区域网络）、存储和网络——以及物理环境如何影响这种基础设施。

Facility managers must also have a thorough understanding of data center design principles, industry best practices and up-and-coming technologies. They should know what kind of infrastructure their data center houses -- such as servers, virtual machines, SANs, storage and networking -- and how the physical environment can affect this infrastructure.

设施经理经常使用数据中心基础设施管理工具来帮助他们监控设施的各个方面，如电力使用效率或冷却情况。这些工具还可以帮助数据中心管理员更密切地监控他们的基础设施。

Facilities managers often use data center infrastructure management tools to help them monitor certain aspects of their facilities, such as power usage or cooling. Such tools can also help data center admins monitor their infrastructure more closely.

数据中心管理员和设施管理员之间的区别

The difference between data center administrators 

and facility managers

设施经理负责监督整个数据中心大楼——从大楼外部一直到基础设施所在的房间。他们直接与所有这些领域合作，维护和支持设施。它们集成了一些管理员也使用的监控系统，并使用基于角色的仪表板来跟踪管理员的环境控制或安全访问。 

The facility manager oversees the entire data center building -- from the outside of the building all the way to the rooms housing the infrastructure. They work directly with all these areas to maintain and support the facility. They integrate some monitoring systems that administrators also use and use role-based dashboards to track environmental controls or security access for admins.

虽然设施经理负责维护和监视服务器房间的暖通空调系统，但他们通常不处理发生在那里的硬件或软件的任何维护或修复。这意味着，如果服务器房间室内的温度过高，他们可以修复冷却系统，但通常不会介入修复任何因高温而停止工作的服务器。相反，他们与数据中心管理员和其他专家合作，协调维修。设施经理还将派遣设施小组调查环境问题并解决问题。

Although facility managers are responsible for maintaining and monitoring the HVAC systems that control the environment in infrastructure rooms, they typically do not handle any upkeep or fixes that happen to the hardware or software there. This means that if the temperature in the server room goes too high, they can fix the cooling system, but typically do not step in to fix any servers that stop functioning because of the heat. Instead, they work with data center administrators and other specialists to coordinate repairs. Facility managers would also dispatch facility teams to investigate the environmental problem and fix the issue.

设施经理不决定设施中基础设施之间的布局和连接。然而，他们应该知道设计如何影响设施使用，以确保电力、环境和电气因素仍然充足。

Facility managers do not decide the layout of and connections between infrastructures in the facility. However, they should know how design can affect facility usage to ensure power, environmental and electrical factors remain adequate.

IT管理员的职责是维护基础设施的正常运行时间。他们根据需要与设施经理协调，以确保一切顺利进行。无论是在专用数据中心还是在托管设施中，设施经理都会监视物理位置并支持IT团队提高基础设施的正常运行时间。

IT admins' responsibility is to maintain infrastructure uptime. They coordinate with facility managers as needed to keep things running smoothly. Whether in a dedicated data center or colocated facility, facility managers watch over the physical location and support IT teams to improve infrastructure uptime.

DeepKnowledge

翻译：

洪军

阿里巴巴集团有限公司基础设施事业部 技术专家

DKV（Deep Knowledge Volunteer）创始成员

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本文并非原文官方认可的中文版本，仅供国内读者学习参考，不得用于任何商业用途，文章内容请以英文原版为准。中文版未经公众号DeepKnowledge书面授权，请勿转载。

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